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Building For Heat: Vernacular Cooling Techniques and Climate-Adaptive Design in Arid Regions — book cover

Open access · 2026

Building For Heat

Vernacular Cooling Techniques and Climate-Adaptive Design in Arid Regions

By Dr. Ayesha Mehmood Malik, Dr. Nijah Akram and Dr. Fatima Tuz Zahra

Publisher
Lumina Literati Publishing
Publication
2026 · First edition
ISBN
978-627-7813-62-8
DOI
10.65758/isbn.9786277813628
Format
Open-access PDF · 229 pages
Licence
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
Read onlineDownload PDFCite this book

Book overview

Building For Heat examines how vernacular buildings and settlements moderate heat, and how their environmental principles can inform contemporary design in arid regions. It connects climatic exposure, building physics, patterns of occupation, and access to cooling, with attention to the conditions under which inherited approaches remain useful.

Across five chapters, the book explores shade, courtyards, windcatchers, ventilation, thermal mass, and evaporative cooling; considers ways to evaluate indoor comfort and neighbourhood microclimates; and examines the consequences of standardized construction and dependence on mechanical cooling. It then brings these themes into design, retrofit, and policy discussions for arid environments.

Written for architects, architectural engineers, researchers, students, and practitioners, the book presents the Vernacular Cooling Performance Framework and Passive Cooling Gap Index as proposed tools for organizing evidence and assessment. It emphasizes local validation, climate limits, maintenance, water availability, air quality, and occupant needs when translating vernacular knowledge into climate-adaptive practice.

Inside the book

  1. 01

    Reading Heat

    Climate, Aridity, and the Logic of Vernacular Adaptation

  2. 02

    The Cooling Grammar

    How Vernacular Buildings Control Heat

  3. 03

    Does It Still Work?

    Measuring Performance Across Buildings, Settlements, and Futures

  4. 04

    The Cooling Transition

    Standardized Construction, Mechanical Dependence, and Thermal Inequality

  5. 05

    From Inheritance to Implementation

    A Climate-Adaptive Design and Policy Toolkit

About the authors

Dr. Ayesha Mehmood Malik

Dr. Ayesha Mehmood Malik is an accomplished academic, researcher, and architectural professional with over 20 years of experience in teaching, research, academic leadership, and professional practice in architecture and the built environment. She holds a Ph.D. in Architecture and is currently serving as Head of the School of Architecture at the University of Lahore. She is the Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Architecture and Built Environment Research. Dr. Malik is also an Advisory Board Member for several national and international journals, including Research Mosaic, and serves as a Member of the Syndicate, contributing to institutional governance and academic policymaking.

Her research expertise includes Architectural Conservation and Heritage, Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Design, Interior and Landscape Architecture, and Research Methodology. She has authored more than 50 peer-reviewed publications, contributed to international book chapters, and presented extensively at national and international platforms. Dr. Malik is frequently invited as a plenary speaker, guest lecturer, and expert trainer, including her role as an External International Trainer for the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) and University of Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan.

Her contributions have been recognized through Best University Teacher distinctions, multiple HEC research grants, and publication-based research awards. Through sustained academic leadership and research mentorship, Dr. Malik continues to advance sustainable and resilient built environments, bridging academia, practice, and policy.

Dr. Nijah Akram

Dr. Nijah Akram is an architectural engineering scholar and academic leader with over 16 years of experience in higher education, research, and professional practice. She holds a Ph.D. in Architectural Engineering from the University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore and currently serves as the Head of the Department of Architectural Engineering Technology at Punjab Tianjin University of Technology, Lahore.

Her research focuses on climate-responsive architecture, vernacular and passive environmental design, building performance optimization, adaptive reuse, sustainable construction, daylight-responsive systems, energy-efficient buildings, and evidence-based healthcare environments. Her work integrates building performance simulation, post-occupancy evaluation, and environmental analysis to develop practical, low-carbon, and climate-resilient design solutions.

Dr. Akram is the first author of the scholarly monograph Biophilia by the Numbers: A Systematic Review of Post-Occupancy Evaluations in Healthcare Spaces (2026) and the author of Retrofit Reality: A Longitudinal Meta-Analysis of Energy Performance Gaps in Adaptive Reuse. These works reflect her commitment to advancing evidence-based design, sustainable retrofit strategies, and high-performance buildings.

She has authored more than 40 peer-reviewed publications, contributed to international books, and presented her research at national and international conferences. She also serves as a reviewer for leading Q1 and Q2 indexed international journals in architecture, architectural engineering, sustainability, energy, and the built environment. Her academic excellence has been recognized through institutional awards and Best Teacher distinctions. In addition, she has contributed to curriculum development and academic quality assurance as a Member of the Academic Council, the National Curriculum Review Committee, and Boards of Studies at multiple universities.

Through her research, teaching, and academic leadership, Dr. Akram continues to advance sustainable, energy-efficient, and climate-adaptive architectural engineering for resilient built environments.

Dr. Fatima Tuz Zahra

Dr. Fatima Tuz Zahra is an Architectural Engineer, educator, and researcher with more than 12 years of experience in architecture, construction, and higher education. Her research expertise encompasses climate-resilient housing, climate-responsive design, sustainable architecture, vernacular building systems, and resilience in the built environment. She completed her PhD in Architecture, focusing on the development of resilient housing strategies through post-occupancy evaluation and sustainability assessment. Her work explores how traditional architectural knowledge, passive environmental design, and vernacular cooling strategies can inform contemporary climate-adaptive solutions for arid and rapidly urbanizing regions. She is committed to advancing research that integrates sustainability, resilience, and local design wisdom to address the challenges of climate change in the built environment.

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229 pages · English · PDF

Building For Heat: Vernacular Cooling Techniques and Climate-Adaptive Design in Arid Regions

© 2026 Ayesha Mehmood Malik, Nijah Akram, and Fatima Tuz Zahra. The authors retain full copyright ownership of this work. Published open access under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Sharing is permitted for noncommercial purposes with attribution; adapted versions may not be distributed under this licence.

Cite this book

Malik, A. M., Akram, N., & Zahra, F. T. (2026). Building for heat: Vernacular cooling techniques and climate-adaptive design in arid regions. Lumina Literati Publishing. https://doi.org/10.65758/isbn.9786277813628

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